Essay on the relation between India and Nepal 2021

 

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Essay on the relation between India and Nepal

 

The Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1950 is a bilateral treaty between Nepal and India establishing a close strategic relationship between the two South Asian neighbours.

The treaty was signed on July 31, 1950 by the then Prime Minister of Nepal Mohan Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana and Indian ambassador to Nepal, Chadreshwar Narayan Singh.

The treaty allows for the free movement of people and goods between the two nations and a close relationship and collaboration on matters of defence and foreign affairs. While India values the treaty as deflecting the influence of its regional competitor, the People’s Republic of China, the treaty has been unpopular in many segments of Nepal, which often regards it as a breach of its sovereignty.

The Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship provided for an open border between the two nations, permitting free and unrestricted travel of people and goods and allowing the immigration of Indians to Nepal and of Nepalese people to India, granting equal rights to them. Both nations agreed to respect each other’s territorial integrity and independence.

The treaty also facilitated extensive cooperation on strategic issues, with both nations required to consult each other on affairs of regional security; while India was obligated to actively assist Nepal in national defence and military preparedness, and both nations resolved not to tolerate threats to each other’s security.

Ø Economic assistances to Nepal

In the field of economic assistance, by 1967, India had extended over Nepalese Rupees 50 crores for Nepal’s economic development and had pledged another Rs. 40 crores. India was the single largest donor by 1967.

Road building and power development were two major areas in which India assisted Nepal. India also helped Nepal in the construction of the Kingdom’s first airport at Kathmandu. But by this time China had become an important factor in Nepal’s economic and political relations. For India, however, China factor in Nepal’s foreign policy had opened a dangerous situation.

In the meantime, anti-India demonstrations were repeatedly held in Nepal. However, Nepal realised the futility of anti-India campaign. Eventually that would have hurt Nepal’s own economy. India and Nepal planned the harnessing of Himalayan Rivers. There were Indian aid and corporation activities in areas such as road building, airport construction, telecommunications, horticulture, agriculture, forestry, education and health.

However, being a big power, and a neighbour of Nepal, China had been taking keen interest in Nepal. China had been trying to widen the rift between India and Nepal whenever tension developed in the bilateral relations. However, India continued to be Nepal’s main trading partner.

The two countries are working through Joint Technical Level India-Nepal Boundary Committee on a time bound programme for identification of boundary. Thus India’s hand of friendship remains extended to Nepal.